Which of the following statements is true regarding the adjustment of the discount rate?

The statement regarding changes in risk leading to adjustments in the discount rate is accurate because discount rates are fundamentally influenced by the level of risk associated with an investment or company. When the perceived risk increases, due to factors such as market volatility, economic downturns, or specific issues with the company, the discount rate must typically be raised to account for that additional risk. Conversely, if the risk decreases, the discount rate may be lowered. This dynamic allows investors and analysts to more accurately reflect the expected returns required to compensate for the uncertainty associated with future cash flows.

In sustainability accounting, the adjustment of the discount rate is crucial for evaluating long-term projects or investments that may incur environmental or social risks. These risks can significantly affect the present value of future cash flows and, consequently, investment decisions. Therefore, understanding how risk adjustments affect the discount rate is essential for accurate financial assessment and decision-making.